China's Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation in the New Era

White Paper

China's Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation in the New Era

(November 2025)

The State Council Information Office of
the People's Republic of China

China's Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation in the New Era

Contents

I. Grim Realities: International Security and Arms Control

II. Position and Policies: China's Arms Control in the New Era

III. Playing a Constructive Role in International Arms Control

IV. Leading International Security Governance in Emerging Fields

V. Strengthening International Cooperation on Nonproliferation and Peaceful Uses of Science and Technology

Annex I: List of Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Treaties That China Has Joined

Annex II: China's Laws and Regulations Related to Nonproliferation and Export Controls

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Peace and development are eternal themes of human society. Peace needs to be fought for and be upheld. Arms control, disarmament, and nonproliferation embody humanity's aspiration to turn swords into plowshares and lay down their weapons. They represent important missions of mitigating the risk of war, addressing the security deficit, and promoting global peace. Together, these efforts are vital to global strategic security and the shared wellbeing of humanity, and have gradually become a common expectation of the international community.

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I. Grim Realities: International Security and Arms Control

Issues related to international arms control, disarmament, and nonproliferation are becoming more complex and multidimensional. Overall, the situation presents both opportunities and challenges.

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II. Position and Policies: China's Arms Control in the New Era

China's policies on arms control, disarmament, and nonproliferation in the new era are based on its cultural tradition of harmony, its socialist nature, and its strategic commitment to peaceful development. China works to promote global governance in arms control and supports all efforts to build a world of lasting peace and common security.

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III. Playing a Constructive Role in International Arms Control

As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China has actively safeguarded the authority and effectiveness of the international arms control regime, played a constructive role in multilateral arms control in the nuclear, biological, chemical and other fields, and conscientiously performed its duties prescribed by international arms control treaties, making its due contribution to international arms control.

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IV. Leading International Security Governance in Emerging Fields

Emerging fields such as outer space, cyberspace, and AI represent new frontiers for human development. They create a new focus of strategic security, and new territories of global governance. China proposes that with the universal participation of all countries, the UN should play a pivotal role in fostering a global governance framework and standards for emerging fields based on broad consensus, while increasing the representation and voice of developing countries.

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V. Strengthening International Cooperation on Nonproliferation and Peaceful Uses of Science and Technology

China continues to build its domestic nonproliferation capacity, actively participating in the international nonproliferation process, promoting international cooperation on peaceful uses of science and technology, and facilitating the improvement of global nonproliferation governance.

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No matter how the world changes, China stands firmly on the right side of history and on the side of human progress, and serves as a staunch force for upholding world peace and security. It will practice true multilateralism, take on its responsibility as a major country, and work tirelessly to promote international arms control, providing reliable stability in a turbulent world.

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Annex I: List of Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Treaties That China Has Joined (As of November 2025)

Annex II: China's Laws and Regulations Related to Nonproliferation and Export Controls (As of November 2025)