The Shimao Site, dating back nearly 4,000 years, features massive stone structures that exceed our understanding of early Chinese civilization and may have been the capital of the Xia Dynasty. Mysterious human-faced sculptures were unearthed here, along with numerous prehistoric murals in various colors, suggesting that the tools used for painting may have been brushes. This implies that the brush could have been invented by the ancestors of Shimao 4,000 years ago. A large number of textile and sewing artifacts, including many bone needles of different sizes, were discovered at the site, indicating the existence of advanced textile technology. The 10,000 bone needles suggest that trade and textile workshops may have existed at the time. The discovery of textile artifacts such as bone needles at the Banpo site and the Upper Cave Man provide clues for the history of Chinese clothing, suggesting textile production was one of the hallmarks indicating that humanity stepped into a civilized society.