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Speakers:

Mr. Hu Heping, executive deputy director of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee

Major General Wu Zeke, deputy director of the Leading Group Office of Military Parade and deputy director general of the Operation Bureau of the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission

Chairperson:

Ms. Shou Xiaoli, director general of the Press Bureau of the State Council Information Office (SCIO) and spokesperson of the SCIO

Date:

June 24, 2025

Shou Xiaoli:

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO). This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. A series of commemorative activities will be held and have drawn widespread public attention across all sectors of society. Today we have invited Mr. Hu Heping, executive deputy director of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, and Major General Wu Zeke, deputy director of the Leading Group Office of Military Parade and deputy director general of the Operation Bureau of the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission, to brief you on plans for the commemorative activities and take your questions.

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Hu for his introduction.

Hu Heping:

Good afternoon. I am very pleased to introduce the plans for marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.

Eighty years ago, after 14 years of arduous and heroic struggle, the Chinese people secured a great victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, marking the full triumph in the World Anti-Fascist War. This great victory belonged not only to the Chinese people, but also to the peoples of the world. On the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, grand commemorative events will be held to bear history in mind, honor all those who laid down their lives, and carry forward the great spirit of patriotism and resistance against aggression. These efforts carry profound and lasting significance. In March this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued a special notice, making overall arrangements for the commemorative activities. Now, let me give you a brief overview.

First, on the morning of Sept. 3, in the name of the CPC Central Committee, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), the State Council, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), and the Central Military Commission, a grand ceremony to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War will be held at Tian'anmen Square in Beijing, including a military parade. General Secretary Xi Jinping will deliver an important speech. At noon on Sept. 3, a reception will be held in Beijing, and General Secretary Xi Jinping will deliver an important speech. On the evening of Sept. 3, a commemorative gala will be held in Beijing, to be attended by Party and state leaders.

Second, in the name of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission, the "80th Anniversary of the Victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" commemorative medals will be awarded to surviving veterans, comrades and generals of the war or their surviving family members. Authorities across all regions and relevant departments will organize commemorative visits to honor surviving veterans, comrades and generals of the war, their bereaved families, and the relatives of martyrs.

Third, on July 7, a ceremony commemorating the 88th anniversary of the beginning of China's whole-nation resistance war against Japanese aggression will be held at the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in the name of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission. The event will concurrently inaugurate a themed exhibition titled "For National Liberation and World Peace: Commemorating the 80th Anniversary of Victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War."

Fourth, around Sept. 3, to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, symposiums will be held with compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, as well as overseas representatives. An international academic conference will also be convened.

Fifth, on Sept. 18, a bell-tolling and siren ceremony to remember September 18 Incident will be held at the 9.18 Historical Museum in Shenyang, Liaoning province, in the name of the CPC Liaoning provincial committee and the Liaoning provincial government.

Sixth, around Oct. 25, a gathering will be held to mark the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's recovery from Japanese occupation. Overseas Chinese will be supported in organizing related commemorative activities locally.

Seventh, on Dec. 13, a national memorial ceremony for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre will be held at the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders in Nanjing, in the name of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.

Eighth, the fourth batch of national-level anti-Japanese aggression war memorial facilities and sites, and a new list of renowned martyrs and heroic groups from the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression will be officially released. Restoration and preservation efforts will be undertaken to repair and protect war memorial facilities, sites and relics. And a batch of high-quality war-themed exhibitions will be promoted.

Ninth, to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, a series of cultural works and themed publications will be produced and released, while academic research will be intensified with the establishment of priority research projects. In addition, commemorative coins and stamps will also be issued.

Tenth, local authorities and departments will organize community-based commemorative activities tailored to their specific contexts. Hong Kong and Macao will also organize a series of commemorative activities.

These events make up the main schedule. The CPC Central Committee has clearly required that all commemorative activities must strictly comply with the Party Central Committee's eight-point decision on conduct and its rules for implementation, rigorously enforce the Regulations on Practicing Thrift and Opposing Waste in Party and Government Organs, prevent formalism and avoid extravagance, ensuring that the events are both solemnly conducted and pragmatically modest.

That is all from me. Thank you.

Shou Xiaoli:

Now, let's invite Mr. Wu to give his introduction.

Wu Zeke:

Good morning everyone, and welcome all our friends from the media. It's my pleasure to present the details of the military parade to you all.

The CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission have decided that a grand military parade will be held at Tian'anmen Square in Beijing on Sept. 3. General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission Xi Jinping will inspect the troops at the military parade.

This parade is an important part of the activities commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. The theme is to commemorate the great victory and promote the great spirit of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. The purpose is to highlight the historical significance of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its significant contribution to victory in the World Anti-Fascist War, to underscore the pivotal role of the CPC during the war, to demonstrate China's firm commitments to safeguarding the fruits of World War II and upholding international fairness and justice, as well as its active efforts in building a community with a shared future for mankind. It also aims to fully demonstrate the firm political awareness and practical actions of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in absolute loyalty to the core leadership of the CPC Central Committee, as well as the excellent conduct through enhancing its political loyalty, the new structure of military strength, new progress in its modernization, and the new achievements in its training under combat conditions. It further demonstrates China's strong will and capabilities to resolutely safeguard its national sovereignty, security and development interests, and to firmly maintain world peace. All of this is intended to inspire the entire Party, army, and people of all ethnic groups in the country to unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, strive to achieve the centenary goal of building a strong military on schedule, accelerate the building of the PLA into a world-class military, and to strive for the comprehensive promotion of the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation through Chinese modernization.

The military parade will consist of foot formations, equipment formations and aerial formations. In its overall design, the parade has made well-coordinated arrangements for the participation of units from the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the People's Armed Police Force, with each formation and echelon carefully organized. It features three main characteristics: First, it highlights both historical legacy and contemporary features. On the one hand, by showcasing the historical designations, honors and unique spirit of the wartime units, the parade will pay tribute to fallen heroes, honor military merits and carry forward the indomitable spirit of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. It reflects the enduring legacy forged by the sacrifice and blood of heroes, a legacy that remains deeply rooted in the hearts of the Chinese people and continues to inspire the armed forces to resolutely safeguard the nation and national dignity. On the other hand, the parade will highlight the PLA's new organizational structure, enhanced capabilities and fresh image, showcasing the historic achievements and transformative progress of the military in the new era, as well as its firm strides toward becoming a world-class military. Second, it reflects the distinctive features of various military branches while demonstrating integrated joint operations. The foot formations will focus on presenting the new structure and composition of military branches following reforms, as well as the integration of standing forces, reserve forces and militia. The equipment formations will highlight the latest advances in China’s weapons systems, and the integration of multiple platforms and units will showcase new models of joint command, joint operations and joint support, demonstrating the PLA's capability for independent innovation in defense technologies. The aerial formations will display the systematic strength and rapidly improving combat capabilities of China's air-based combat capabilities. Third, the parade will feature both traditional mainstay combat forces and emerging strategic forces. All weapons and equipment on display are domestically developed and currently in service. In addition to showcasing the new generation of conventional weaponry, the parade will also feature emerging forces, including unmanned and intelligent systems, undersea combat units, cyber electronic operations and hypersonic weapons, demonstrating the PLA's strong capacity to adapt to technological advances, the evolution of warfare and the demands of future battlefields. In addition, the design of the review procedures, the ceremonial atmosphere and the integration of elements commemorating the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression will feature several innovative touches. For example, a joint military band has been formed to perform classic songs popular during the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, as well as military pieces rich in contemporary and combative spirit. These arrangements aim to evoke historical memory, pay tribute to the fallen heroes and experience the powerful, uplifting atmosphere of the parade, creating a solemn and grand commemorative occasion.

At present, preparations are being carried out in an orderly manner in accordance with the overall plans approved by the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission. The relevant work has received strong support from central Party and government departments as well as the Beijing municipal government. This parade upholds the principle of building the military in a diligent and thrifty manner. It makes full use of existing resources and conditions to maximize efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

We firmly believe that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the Central Military Commission and General Secretary Xi Jinping, and through the joint efforts of all the officers and soldiers participating in the parade, we will present a grand military parade that promotes the great spirit of resisting aggression, embodies the characteristics of the times and has the demeanor of a major country to both Chinese people and people all over the world. 

That's all for my introduction. Thank you.

Shou Xiaoli:

Now, the floor is open for questions. Please identify the media outlet you represent before asking your question.

CCTV:

Just now, Mr. Hu introduced the overall arrangements for the commemorative events, which seem very grand. What is the main purpose for doing this? Also, what will the features be? Thank you.

Hu Heping:

As you just said, these commemorative events will indeed be very grand. The Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was a national liberation struggle against the longest and largest-scale foreign invasion with the largest number of casualties in modern Chinese history, making a significant contribution to the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. The theme of the commemorative events this time is "Bear History in Mind, Honor All Those Who Laid Down Their Lives, Cherish Peace, and Open up the Future." They aim to remember the arduous struggle of the Chinese people against Japanese militaristic aggression, honor the heroes and martyrs who bravely sacrificed their lives in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and all those who contributed to the war, declare the Chinese people's unwavering commitment to the path of peaceful development and to resolutely safeguarding world peace, and draw wisdom and strength from history to create a brighter future.

In recent years, the Party and the state have annually arranged commemorative events for the outbreak and victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the September 18th Incident, and the National Memorial Day for the Nanjing Massacre Victims. We feel that the commemorative events this time have the following several characteristics:

First, the commemorative events are of a high level. Commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War is a major event for the Party and the state this year. Among the plans just introduced, there will be five events held in the name of the Party and the country: the commemorative ceremony, reception, medal presentation, themed exhibition opening and national memorial ceremony. The reason for arranging so many high-level events is to show the Party and the government's respect for history and reverence for martyrs and heroes, and to better cultivate and inspire people's patriotism.

Second, the commemorative events cover a wide range of aspects. The victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is a grand epic of the Chinese people all making concerted efforts and of the weak defeating the strong. All localities and departments will also hold related commemorative events in accordance with the unified arrangements of the CPC Central Committee. Provinces and key cities where important historical events, major battles and significant anti-Japanese armed forces activities occurred during the war will organize symposiums, academic seminars and other activities and hold exhibitions of pictures, calligraphy works, paintings and cultural relics. Compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas Chinese will also organize related commemorative activities to pass on the collective memory of the Chinese nation.

Third, the commemorative events value public participation. In April, the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee, together with relevant departments, issued a notice. This clarified the arrangements for mass commemorative activities to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and required all localities and departments, in line with their actual conditions, to make good use of various grassroots cultural strengths and widely carry out mass commemorative activities with clear themes, diverse forms and rich educational significance, vigorously promoting the great spirit of resisting aggression throughout the society.

At the same time, we will also invite international friends to participate in the commemorative events, hold international academic seminars, promote a batch of excellent works on the theme of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and organize domestic special exhibition halls to hold special exhibitions in other countries. We also welcome all peace-loving countries and individuals in the world to pay attention to and participate in China's commemorative events, and jointly commemorate the hard-won great victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. Thank you.

Phoenix TV:

The 2015 military parade commemorating the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression featured a formation of war veterans riding in vehicles, demonstrating respect for those who fought in the war. Will war veterans also be included in the upcoming parade? Will the Chinese Kuomintang (KMT) party veterans who fought against Japanese aggression be invited to attend? Thank you.

Wu Zeke:

Thanks for your question. I'll take this one. Veterans of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression are national heroes, the backbone of the nation, and living witnesses to victory. More than 80 years ago, these veterans stepped forward in times of crisis, fighting for the nation, for the motherland, and for dignity, defending the vast territory of their homeland. Their heroic spirit in bloody battles, their unwavering determination in resisting foreign aggression, and their noble character of sacrifice are worthy of our eternal respect. In 2015, during the military parade commemorating the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, a formation of more than 300 veterans was arranged as the first group to be reviewed. This formation included veterans, model representatives of those who supported the frontlines, and children of martyrs. Veterans of the KMT forces who fought against Japanese aggression were also invited to participate, demonstrating our deep respect for these heroic predecessors and the great spirit of national resistance. As they passed through Tian'anmen, there were many deeply moving moments that touched people of all ethnic groups across the country and around the world. Ten years have passed. Most of the surviving veterans are now approaching 100 years old. These veterans are witnesses to and participants in history, and they are treasures of the Chinese nation. Considering factors such as their physical conditions, we will not organize a formation of veterans to participate in this parade. Instead, we will arrange for veterans, comrades, members of the militia, local model representatives of those who supported the frontlines, and martyrs' relatives to attend the Tian'anmen ceremony, expressing our deep respect for these heroes. As we know, China's war of resistance was a nationwide effort, and the KMT forces also played a vital role. We will invite KMT veterans to attend the ceremony in person. Thank you.

Cover News:

This is the second commemorative parade marking the victory in the fight against Japanese aggression. What new elements or designs have been introduced this time to highlight the history of the war of resistance? Thank you.

Wu Zeke:

Thank you for your question and your interest in the parade. On Aug. 15, 1945, Japan unconditionally surrendered. The victory in the Chinese people's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was a great triumph of justice over evil, light over darkness, and progress over the reactionary. This year marks the 80th anniversary of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Organizing a military parade at Tian'anmen Square in the capital is a regular arrangement for major national commemorative days and an important part of commemorative activities. It carries profound political importance and far-reaching historical significance. This military parade highlights the theme of victory and incorporates several elements of the war of resistance and historical references into its design, mainly in three aspects. First, it aims to carry forward the legacy of the war of resistance. Most of the units participating in the parade have been selected from those with direct ties to the forces that fought in the war, including the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army, the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, and the South China Guerrilla Force. This fully reflects the people's armed forces' arduous and extraordinary journey during the war and the historical inheritance of their revolutionary legacy. The second aspect is honoring merit and achievements. We have selected banners representing the honors and achievements of our military during the war of resistance, reflecting the great victories and lasting achievements made by the people's armed forces in the war of resistance. This expresses our deep remembrance of revolutionary martyrs, our enduring recognition of distinguished units with meritorious services, and our commitment to carrying forward fine traditions and conduct. The third aspect is revisiting historical classics. For this military parade, we have assembled a joint military band to perform well-known classics from the war of resistance. We have also specially designed parade-specific insignia and other elements, allowing people across the country to revisit the history of the war, understand its spirit, and inspire the people's armed forces to pledge to defend national and ethnic dignity at all costs. Thank you.

Bloomberg News:

Will leaders from other countries be invited to attend this parade and other activities? If so, what is the current progress?

Hu Heping:

According to the overall plan for the commemorative event, we will invite foreign leaders, former political dignitaries, senior officials, heads of international organizations, foreign envoys, military attaches and representatives of international organizations in China. We will also invite foreign friends who contributed to China's victory in the war, or representatives of their families, to attend the event. Relevant information will be released promptly. Thank you.

The Paper.cn:

Commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is a major event for our country this year. Based on past experience, we typically release a range of outstanding literary and artistic works to commemorate such important occasions. Mr. Hu, could you share what kinds of works the public can expect to see this year? Thank you.

Hu Heping:

Thank you for your question. Let me give you a little preview in advance. Literature and art are the clarion call of the times and best reflect the spirit of an era. Eighty years ago, after 14 years of arduous and heroic struggle, the Chinese people defeated the brutal Japanese militarist invaders and secured a great victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. During this period, many outstanding works of art and literature emerged, inspiring people's fighting spirit and boosting national morale. Many of these works have stood the test of time and become classics. For example, our national anthem, "March of the Volunteers," was born amid the flames of the War of Resistance, inspiring countless sons and daughters of the Chinese nation to rise up and fight back. Another well-known piece, the "Yellow River Cantata," also gave voice to the heroic and unyielding spirit of the Chinese nation. We will broadcast and screen classic wartime literary and artistic works, allowing people to relive that history marked by blood and fire.

This year, we will also create and launch a series of films, dramas, music, dance, and artworks centered on the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. Many of these works are currently at a crucial stage of development. I will highlight a few examples from various fields. In film and television, we will release the movie "Mountains and Rivers as Witness," which depicts the hardships of 14 years of war of resistance, and "Dongji Rescue," which highlights the heroic deeds of Chinese fishermen. We are also producing the TV series "Our Homeland" and the documentary "Victory 1945." On stage, we are producing the Peking opera "Struggles in an Ancient City" and the stage play "Looking for Doolittle." We will also present a series of performances featuring outstanding stage works. In publishing, we will release works such as "Mao Zedong: Banner of the War of Resistance" and "A New History of the Second World War" and will organize a wide range of themed reading activities. I will stop here for now. Thank you.

China Daily:

The victory in the Chinese people's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression made tremendous sacrifices and important contributions to the Allies' victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. How has this parade been designed to reflect that? Will any international friends who contributed to China's victory be invited to attend? Thank you.

Wu Zeke:

Thank you for your questions. I will answer them. As the main theater of the World Anti-Fascist War in the East, the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression began the earliest and lasted the longest. During the 14 years of resistance, the Chinese battlefield held back and fought against the main forces of Japanese militarism for an extended period, eliminating more than 1.5 million Japanese troops. This played a decisive role in the ultimate defeat of the Japanese aggressors and made a significant historical contribution to the Allies' victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. China endured tremendous national sacrifice, with more than 35 million military and civilian casualties. In this military parade, we are incorporating key numbers such as "14" and "80" into the parade design to create a strong atmosphere of remembrance. At the same time, the Chinese people will never forget the valuable assistance and support provided by anti-fascist forces around the world, including peace-loving and justice-seeking countries, individuals and international organizations. For example, the Soviet Union provided China with many weapons and equipment; the American Flying Tigers volunteer group braved treacherous flights over the Himalayan supply route known as "the Hump"; Canadian doctor Norman Bethune came to China to save lives; and many anti-fascist fighters from various countries directly participated in China's War of Resistance. History shows that a just cause enjoys broad support while an unjust cause finds little. A just war will inevitably gain widespread backing and achieve ultimate victory. To showcase international friendship and cooperation and to commemorate the victory in the War of Resistance, we will invite international friends who contributed to China's victory, or representatives of their families, to observe the military parade. Thank you.

People's Daily:

A moment ago, when Minister Hu outlined the characteristics of the commemorative event, he placed special emphasis on "focusing on mass participation." What arrangements have been made for public commemorative activities? Thank you.

Hu Heping:

Thank you for your question. The successful organization of commemorative activities relies on the broad participation and support of the public. There are several specific arrangements for this year's public commemorative activities.

First, on key anniversaries such as the Victory Day of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Martyrs' Day, the National Memorial Day for Victims of the Nanjing Massacre, and other key dates like July 7 and Sept. 18, the public will be invited to take part in commemorative activities. These include laying wreaths, visiting memorial facilities, paying respects at martyrs' graves and attending public memorial ceremonies.

Second, we will make full use of the educational role of memorial facilities, historic sites and relics related to the War of Resistance, as well as patriotism education bases and national defense education bases. Public visits will be organized, along with themed Party and Youth League activities and other events.

Third, we will carry out activities such as singing patriotic songs, reciting anti-Japanese war poetry, rereading family letters from that era, holding exhibitions of anti-Japanese war-themed literary works, and hosting competitions for storytellers of red history.

In addition to these diverse offline activities, a range of online activities will also be organized. For example, we will launch online exhibition halls and dedicated web pages, produce and broadcast multimedia content popular with the public, and organize online activities such as commemorations for martyrs, themed essay competitions, and knowledge quizzes. Our goal is to enable more people to take part in commemorative activities through the internet. Thank you.

PLA Daily and China Military Online:

The PLA has consistently participated in U.N. peacekeeping operations and humanitarian rescue efforts, and is a steadfast force in maintaining world peace. How will this military parade demonstrate China's determination and capability to safeguard world peace? Thank you.

Wu Zeke:

Thank you for your question. As we all know, U.N. peacekeeping operations were created to promote and preserve peace and have significantly contributed to global peace. This year marks the 35th anniversary of China's military participation in U.N. peacekeeping operations. Over the past 35 years, China has sent more than 50,000 peacekeepers to more than 20 countries and regions, including South Sudan and Lebanon, and has participated in 26 U.N. peacekeeping operations. So far, 17 officers and soldiers have given their lives for the cause of global peace. From mine clearance and explosive disposal to monitoring ceasefires, providing security and carrying out emergency rescues, Chinese peacekeepers have faced a wide range of challenges. No matter what lies ahead — whether the smoke of war or the threat of an epidemic — the officers and soldiers of the Chinese peacekeeping force have always been brave and fearless. They have fulfilled their mission and safeguarded security and stability. China's Blue Helmets have become a key force in U.N. peacekeeping operations, demonstrating China's firm support for multilateralism and the U.N. Charter and its purposes through concrete actions. They have stood firm as a disciplined force for peace and justice. This year's military parade will include troops that have participated in peacekeeping missions. This not only highlights the grand commemoration of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, but also demonstrates China's responsibility as a major country in fulfilling its international obligations and maintaining world peace. China's military has always been a steadfast force in maintaining world peace. We will faithfully uphold the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind, actively fulfill the international military responsibilities of a major country, and comprehensively promote international military cooperation in the new era. We will provide more public security goods to the international community and make greater contributions to world peace and regional stability. Thank you.

Nanfang Daily, Nanfang Plus:

Recently, the SCIO released the emblem for the commemoration, which has attracted widespread attention since its unveiling. Could you share some background on the design and explain its significance? What message does it convey? Thank you.

Hu Heping:

First, thank you for taking an interest in the emblem for the commemoration. The emblem embodies the theme, spirit and sentiment of the commemoration and holds significant value. The emblem is composed of the Great Wall, olive branches, rays of light, the number "80" and the dates "1945-2025." The Great Wall symbolizes the entire nation's unity and bravery in the face of invasion, underscoring that the great national spirit, with patriotism at its core, was the decisive factor in achieving victory of the war against Japanese aggression. The olive branches represent the hard-won peace achieved by the Chinese people through their victory. They also signify that the Chinese people unite with people of all other countries to cherish and safeguard peace. The victory gate formed by rays of light symbolizes that the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War is a victory of justice over evil, light over darkness, and progress over reaction. It indicates that the country has bright prospects for realizing national rejuvenation under the strong leadership of the CPC.

We believe this emblem highlights historical continuity and reflects the values of our times. It embodies Chinese elements, meets the needs of the present era, and captures the unique character of the commemoration. As the reporter just mentioned, since the release of the emblem, it has attracted significant attention and received positive comments and likes from many netizens. Some netizens commented that the emblem's design is simple and elegant, and carries deep significance. It seems the emblem is very well received. I would also like to take this opportunity to encourage media friends to help promote and make good use of the emblem. Thank you.

Lianhe Zaobao:

May I ask what new types of weapons and equipment will be featured in this year's military parade? Thank you.

Wu Zeke:

Thank you for your question. We understand that there is strong interest in the equipment that will be featured in this year's parade, so I would like to provide a general overview here. All the weapons and equipment to be showcased in this parade are domestically produced and serve as active-duty main battle equipment. They will represent a concentrated display of the Chinese military's system-based combat capabilities, new-domain and new-quality combat strength and strategic deterrence power. They also embody China's independent innovation capacity in weapons and equipment development. The main characteristics will be as follows:

The first characteristic is systematic integration. All the weapons and equipment in the parade have been carefully selected from the operational units of various military branches. They will include strategic strike capabilities, advanced operational and tactical equipment, and new types of capabilities designed to meet the demands of future warfare.

The second characteristic is the integration of all key operational components. The parade will include a range of forces, including command and control, reconnaissance and early warning, air and missile defense, strike capabilities, and integrated support units.

The third characteristic is a focus on combat readiness. The parade formations will be organized according to operational groupings, reflecting the principles of information-led operations, system-based support, elite troop deployment, and joint operational effectiveness. These weapons and equipment clearly feature greater strike precision, improved adaptability to battlefield conditions, and enhanced combat effectiveness. As we all know, during the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, our military was severely under-equipped—relying primarily on homemade guns and cannons, broadswords and spears. Driven by the indomitable spirit captured in the saying, “if we lack guns and cannons, we’ll seize them from the enemy,” our troops we bravely resisted the Japanese invaders and achieved remarkable victories, often defeating stronger forces with inferior arms. However, this lack of advanced weapons and equipment also came at a tremendous cost. In recent years, we have made successive breakthroughs in a range of cutting-edge technologies and developed numerous advanced weaponry, ushering in a new stage in the development of our military equipment. Next-generation aircraft carriers, destroyers, stealth fighters, drones, strategic missiles and other critical national assets have been rapidly commissioned into active service. Our military has achieved leapfrog progress and historic milestones in weapons and equipment development, providing strong support for a substantial boost in combat capability and instilling greater confidence in our ability to fight and win wars. Thank you.

Xinhua:

We have noticed that this year, people in many countries around the world are commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War in a variety of ways, revisiting that harrowing and heroic chapter in history. The earlier introduction mentioned several planned international exchange activities. What are the main considerations behind these arrangements? Thank you.

Hu Heping:

Thank you for your question. The victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression marked a historical turning point, as the Chinese nation emerged from a period of deep crisis and began its path toward national rejuvenation. It was also a significant part of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. The Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression received broad support from the international community. Additionally, the Chinese people will always remember the contributions made by people from various countries to China's victory in the war. Mr. Wu also touched on this point earlier.

In the World Anti-Fascist War, the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was the first to begin and lasted the longest. The Chinese people bore the brunt of the main battlefield in the East during the World Anti-Fascist War, making immense national sacrifices. According to incomplete statistics, more than 35 million Chinese soldiers and civilians were killed or wounded. Based on 1937 price levels, direct economic losses exceeded $100 billion, and the indirect losses surpassed $500 billion. The Chinese battlefield tied down and fought the main forces of Japanese militarism, eliminating more than 1.5 million Japanese troops. This played a decisive role in the final defeat of the Japanese aggressors. China's War of Resistance played a strategic role in coordinating with and supporting Allied operations. It aligned with strategic actions on the European battlefield and in other parts of Asia, restraining and disrupting the strategic coordination efforts of the fascist powers of Japan, Germany, and Italy. This had a significant impact on the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War and contributed greatly to the global effort for peace.

The Soviet Union, the United States and the United Kingdom, along with other anti-fascist allies, provided valuable human and material support during the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Canadian doctor Norman Bethune and Indian doctor Dwarkanath Kotnis traveled thousands of miles to China to save lives. French doctor Jean Jerome Augustin Bussiere delivered medical supplies by creating a "hump route by bike" through Japanese lines. German businessman John Rabe and Danish businessman Bernhard Arp Sindberg protected Chinese refugees during the Nanjing Massacre. Journalists such as Briton Michael Lindsay and internationalist fighter Hans Shippe actively reported on and publicized Chinese people's heroic resistance against Japanese aggression. The Chinese people will never forget their moving deeds and noble virtues.

The victory in the World Anti-Fascist War laid an important foundation for the construction of the post-World War II international order. The Chinese people will work together with all peace-loving countries and peoples around the world to promote an accurate understanding of World War II history, implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative, and advance the building of a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for mankind. Thank you.

Shou Xiaoli:

Please continue with your questions. We have time for one last question.

Beijing Radio and Television Station:

China's militia forces played an important role in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and in several recent military parades, female militia contingents from various sectors of the capital have been organized to participate. What new arrangements or features are planned for this aspect in this year's parade? Thank you.

Wu Zeke:

I'll answer this. Thank you. As we all know, the militia is a component of China's armed forces and serves as an auxiliary and reserve force for the People's Liberation Army. During the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the militia forces not only engaged with the Japanese troops behind enemy lines, launching guerrilla warfare on an unprecedented scale, but also provided manpower, material support and logistical backing for the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army and other main forces.They effectively coordinated with main forces to strike the Japanese invaders, making an indelible contribution to the victory of the war and writing an enduring chapter in the history of the people's war. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, China's national defense mobilization and reserve forces have been transformed, upgraded and developed at an accelerated pace. A modern militia system has been established, integrating peacetime service, emergency response and wartime combat capabilities. This year, we have arranged for a militia formation to participate in the parade, marking the first time the militia has taken part in a parade themed around commemorating the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. At present, our militia formation has arrived in Beijing and is conducting training with full political enthusiasm, high morale and unwavering fighting resolve. Thank you.

Shou Xiaoli:

Thank you to all our speakers and to all the journalists for your participation. This concludes today's press conference. Goodbye, everyone.

Translated and edited by Wang Yiming, Wang Xingguang, Liu Caiyi, Xu Kailin, Liao Jiaxin, Liu Jianing, Yang Xi, Zhang Tingting, Mi Xingang, Yang Chuanli, Wang Qian, Wang Yanfang, Liu Sitong, Zhang Rui, Huang Shan, Ma Yujia, Zhang Junmian, Li Huiru, David Ball, and Jay Birbeck. In case of any discrepancy between the English and Chinese texts, the Chinese version is deemed to prevail.