Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality China's Plans and Solutions

White Paper

Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality China's Plans and Solutions

(November 2025)

The State Council Information Office of
the People's Republic of China

Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality China's Plans and Solutions

Contents

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Earth is the only home of all humanity, and tackling climate change and promoting sustainable development are vital to our survival and future. Since the Industrial Revolution, great material wealth has come at the cost of faster depletion of natural resources and disruption to the ecological balance, intensifying the tensions between humanity and nature. In recent years, the harmful effects of climate change have grown more prominent, making a coordinated global response ever more urgent. The major decision to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality was made by China out of a strong sense of responsibility for human civilization and the intrinsic demands of China's sustainable development.

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I. Staying Firmly Committed to Advancing Peak Carbon and Carbon Neutrality

China has made peak carbon and carbon neutrality a national strategy, launching extensive and in-depth peak carbon initiatives and accelerating a full-scale green transition of its economy and society. In doing so, China has forged a development path that puts eco-environmental conservation first and pursues green and low-carbon growth.

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II. Notable Progress in Green and Low-Carbon Energy Transition

Proceeding from its basic reality and development stage and conditional on ensuring energy security, China has taken vigorous measures to substitute renewables for fossil fuels and promoted a new energy and power system. This provides strong support for achieving the dual carbon goals.

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III. In-Depth Low-Carbon Development in Key Areas

Industry, transport, construction, and daily life are key areas that generate carbon emissions and have a significant impact on achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality. China has incorporated peak carbon and carbon neutrality into overall social and economic development and moved faster to establish green and low-carbon work models and lifestyles, in order to inject impetus into high-quality green development.

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IV. Effective Implementation of Major Pathways to Carbon Emission Reduction

China has yielded positive outcomes in its actions for saving energy, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and improving efficiency; for facilitating further emission reductions through the circular economy; and for consolidating and improving carbon sink capacity.

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V. Continuous Consolidation of Support and Safeguard Systems

China is continuing to strengthen its foundational capabilities in carbon emissions statistics, accounting, measurement standards, and other related aspects, while boosting scientific and technological innovation and improving its economic support policies and market-based mechanisms to systematically bolster its carbon reduction efforts.

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VI. Strong Impetus to Global Climate Governance

Climate change is a common challenge for all humanity, and one that demands widespread participation and collective action to address. Through its commitment to multilateralism and international cooperation, China is now charting a new course for global climate governance.

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China is a determined participant in and a major contributor to global climate governance. Over the past five years, the country, guided by the goals of peak carbon and carbon neutrality, has coordinated efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, expand green development, and pursue economic growth. These steps have helped to accelerate greener economic and social development in all respects. The country's commitment to a sound development path of increased economic output, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems has opened up broad prospects for the sustained development of the Chinese nation and injected strong momentum into global climate change action.