The System of People's Congresses
Representing the fundamental core of China's political fabric, the system of people's congresses ensures that the people are the masters of the country. State power is exercised by the people through the National People's Congress (NPC) and local people's congresses. The preeminence of the NPC as the highest organ of state power is enshrined in China's Constitution. Heads of executive, judicial and procuratorial organs are elected or appointed by people's congresses, responsible to them and subject to their oversight. The decision-making on major public affairs is within the purview of people's congresses. The executive branch is responsible for implementing the laws, resolutions and decisions adopted by people's congresses. Courts and procuratorates exercise their respective judicial and procuratorial powers independently, free from the intervention of executive organs, social groups or individuals. The First Session of the First NPC, held in September 1954, marked the official establishment of the system of people's congresses nationwide.
人民代表大会制度
人民代表大会制度是中国人民当家作主的根本政治制度。人民通过全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会，行使国家权力。中国宪法规定：中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会是最高国家权力机关。在中国，国家行政机关、审判机关、检察机关都由人民代表大会产生，对它负责，受它监督。国家的重大事项由人民代表大会决定。行政机关负责执行人民代表大会通过的法律、决议、决定。法院、检察院依照法律规定分别独立行使审判权、检察权，不受行政机关、社会团体和个人的干涉。1954年9月，第一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议的召开，标志着人民代表大会制度在全国范围内正式建立。
